1775-1783 American Revolution 1787 Ordinance of 1787 1789 U.S. Constitution 1803-1806 Lewis & Clark Expedition 1820-1845 Indian Treaties 1823 Monroe Doctrine 1844 Invention of the electric telegraph 1848 Gold discovered at Sutter's Mill in California 1861-1865 Civil War

1788 England surrenders to US 1789-1795 French Revolution 1839-1842 Opium Wars 1853-56 Crimean War/Britain & Russia 1859 Darwin's "Origin of the Species" 1866 First trans-Atlantic telegraph cable